ืžื“ืจื™ืš

ื”ื ื—ื™ื” ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช - ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืœืžื ื˜ื•ืจ ืžืฆืœื™ื— ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžืš

ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืฉืœ ืœื™ื•ื•ื™ ื•ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ื”ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืžื ื—ื™ื ืžื ื•ืกื™ื ืœื—ืœื•ืง ืืช ื”ื™ื“ืข ื•ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื”ื ืขื ื—ื ื™ื›ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื“ืจื›ื ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช

ืคื•ืจืกื ื‘ ืขื•ื“ื›ืŸ ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ื‘

ืžื‘ื•ื ื—ื–ื•ืชื™

ืฉืชื™ ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ืœื™ืคื•ืช ืขื•ืžื“ื•ืช ืœื™ื“ ืงื™ืจ
ื’ื‘ืจ ื•ืฉืชื™ ื ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืœื™ื“ ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืฅ ื—ื•ื
ืื™ืฉื” ื‘ืžืฉืงืคื™ื™ื ืžืจืื™ื™ื ืช ื’ื‘ืจ ืœื™ื“ ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“
ืฉืชื™ ื ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืขืœ ื›ื™ืกื
ืฉืชื™ ื ืฉื™ ืขืกืงื™ื ืžืฉื•ื—ื—ื•ืช ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™
ืื™ืฉื” ืžื—ื™ื™ื›ืช ื‘ื—ื•ืœืฆื” ืขื ืฉืจื•ื•ืœื™ื ืืจื•ื›ื™ื ืœื•ื—ืฆืช ื™ื“ื™ื™ื
ื’ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืขื™ืœ ื›ื—ื•ืœ ืขื•ืžื“ ืœื™ื“ ื’ื‘ืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืœืฆื” ืžืคื•ืกืคืกืช ื‘ืฉื—ื•ืจ ืœื‘ืŸ
ืฉื ื™ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื‘ื™ื˜ื™ื ื–ื” ื‘ื–ื”, ืœื•ื—ืฆื™ื ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื•ืžื—ื™ื™ื›ื™ื
ืฉืชื™ ื ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืขืœ ื›ื™ืกืื•ืช ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ืœ ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ
Photo by Amy Hirschi on Unsplash
ืื™ืฉื” ื™ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืœื™ื“ ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขื ื“ืฃ ืžื•ืœื”
ื—ื•ืœืฆื” ืœื‘ื ื” ืœื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื™ื“ ืื™ืฉื” ืฉืžื—ื–ื™ืงื” ืกืคืจ ืœื‘ืŸ - ืฆื™ืœื•ื ืชืงืจื™ื‘
ื”ืžื™ืœื” "ืชืคืงื™ื“" ืžืื•ื™ืชืช ื‘ืงื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืกืงืื˜ืœ ืขืœ ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ
ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ืื ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืœื‘ืŸ
ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ืื ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืฅ
ืืจื‘ืขื” ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืœื™ื“ ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืžืฉื•ื—ื—ื™ื
ืฉื ื™ ืื ืฉื™ ืขืกืงื™ื ืžืฉื•ื—ื—ื™ื ืœื™ื“ ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืงืคื”
ืฉืชื™ ื ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืœื™ื“ ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื•ืžืฉื•ื—ื—ื•ืช
ืฉืชื™ ื ืฉื™ื ืžืฉื•ื—ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช
ื’ื‘ืจ ื•ืื™ืฉื” ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืœื™ื“ ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื•ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ ืžืงื‘ื•ืง
ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ืื ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ

ืฆื™ืคื™ื™ื”

ืชืžื™ื“ ืื”ื‘ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ ื›ืžืชื›ื ืชืช ื‘ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื™ื™ื˜ืง, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืจื’ืฉืช ืฉืžืฉื”ื• ื—ืกืจ. ื›ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ื”ืฆืขื” ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืœืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื ื—ื™ื” ื‘ืืจื’ื•ืŸ, ื”ืชืจื’ืฉืชื™ ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ื—ืฉืฉืชื™ - ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ื‘ืืžืช ืžื” ืœืชืช? ืื™ืš ืืฆืœื™ื— ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื“ืข ืฉืฆื‘ืจืชื™ ื‘ืžืฉืš ืขืฉื•ืจ? ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืกื•ื“ืจืช, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืคื’ืฉ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ื—ื ื™ืš ืฉืœื™ ื’ืจืžื” ืœื™ ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื›ืžื• ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ. ื—ืฉืฉืชื™ ืฉืืฉื›ื— ืžื” ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืกื™ื“ืจืชื™ ืืช ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืœืงืจืืช ื”ืคื’ื™ืฉื” ื”ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืืœื™ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”.

ื˜ื‘ื™ืœื”

ื”ืžืกืš ื”ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืื•ืฅ' ื ืคืชื—, ื•ืจืื™ืชื™ ืืช ื“ื•ื“, ืžื”ื ื“ืก ืฆืขื™ืจ ืขื ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ื•ืจืงื•ืช, ืžื—ื›ื” ื‘ืฆื“ ื”ืฉื ื™. ื”ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืข ื”ืชืจื’ืฉื•ืช ืžื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ื‘ืงื•ืœ ืจื•ืขื“ ืžืขื˜. ื›ืฉืกื™ืคืจืชื™ ืขืœ ื”ืืชื’ืจื™ื ืฉืขื‘ืจืชื™ ื‘ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ืžื•ืจื›ื‘, ืฉืžืชื™ ืœื‘ ืื™ืš ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืฉื ื”ืขืจื•ืช ื‘ืงื“ื—ืชื ื•ืช. ื”ืจื’ืข ื”ืžื›ื•ื ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื›ืฉื”ืฆื’ืชื™ ื‘ืคื ื™ื• ื›ืœื™ ื ื™ืคื•ื™ ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ืžืชืงื“ื, ื•ืจืื™ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื• ื ื“ืœืงื•ืช ื‘ื”ื‘ื ื”. ื”ืกื‘ืจืชื™ ืืช ื”ืขื™ืงืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื“ื™ืžื•ื™ ืœืžืฆืœืžื” ืชืจืžื™ืช, ื•ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืงื•ืœื˜ ืืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ. ื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ ืกื™ืคื•ืง ืขืฆื•ื ื›ืฉืœืื—ืจ ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™ื™ื ื”ื•ื ืกื™ืคืจ ื‘ื”ืชืœื”ื‘ื•ืช ืื™ืš ื™ื™ืฉื ืืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื” ื‘ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ืฉืœื• ื•ื—ืกืš ืฉืขื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช.

ื”ืจื”ื•ืจ

ืœืื—ืจ ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ืœืžื™ื“ื” ื•ื”ืชืžื“ื”, ื“ื•ื“ ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืœืžืคืชื— ื‘ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉืœื•. ื›ืฉืจืื™ืชื™ ืืช ื”ื”ื•ื“ืขื” ืฉืœื• ืขื ืชืžื•ื ืช ื”ืชื’ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ, ื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ ื’ืื•ื•ื” ืฉืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื. ื’ื™ืœื™ืชื™ ืฉื”ื”ื ื—ื™ื” ืœื ืจืง ืขื–ืจื” ืœื•, ืืœื ื’ื ื—ื™ื“ื“ื” ืœื™ ืืช ื”ื™ื“ืข ืฉืœื™. ืคืชืื•ื ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ืฉืฉืžืขืชื™ ืคืขื ืžืžื•ืจื” ืฉืœื™: "ื›ื“ื™ ื‘ืืžืช ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉื”ื• - ื ืกื• ืœืœืžื“ ืื•ืชื•". ื”ื™ื•ื ืื ื™ ืžื ื—ื” ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื—ื ื™ื›ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื, ื•ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ืžื‘ื™ื ืื™ืชื• ืืชื’ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื•ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืžืจืขื ื ื•ืช. ื”ื”ื‘ื ื” ืฉืื ื™ ืžืกื™ื™ืขืช ืœืขืฆื‘ ืืช ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื ื•ืชื ืช ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื” ื•ืขื•ืฆืžืชื™ืช.

ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื”ื ื—ื™ื” ืžืคืชื— ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื ื—ื™ื” ื•ื”ื•ื‘ืœื”, ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ื•ืช ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ืœืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ. ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืžืจืื™ื ืฉืžื ื—ื™ื ืžืฉืคืจื™ื ืืช ื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื.
ื”ืกื‘ืจืช ืžื•ืฉื’ื™ื ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื™ื ืœืื—ืจื™ื ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ื”ื‘ื ื” ืขืžื•ืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจ. ื™ืฉ ื”ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืื ืื™ื ืš ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ืคืฉื˜ื•ืช, ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืื™ื ืš ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ื“ื™ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš.
ื—ื ื™ื›ื™ื ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืœื—ืœืง ืžื”ืจืฉืช ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืฉืœืš. ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืžืจืื™ื ืฉืžื ื—ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื“ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืขืกืงื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ืฉืคื™ืชื—ื• ื“ืจืš ื”ื ื—ื™ื”.
ืื™ืŸ ื›ืžื• ื”ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ื›ืฉืืชื” ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ื—ื ื™ืš ืฉืœืš ืžืฆืœื™ื—. 'ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืง ื‘ื”ื ื—ื™ื” ื”ื•ื ื›ืคื•ืœ - ืืชื” ืœื ืจืง ืขื•ื–ืจ ืœืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืœื’ื“ื•ืœ, ืืชื” ื’ื ื’ื“ืœ ืื™ืชื•', ื›ืคื™ ืฉืžื•ืžื—ื™ื ืœื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืžืฆื™ื™ื ื™ื.
ื—ื ื™ื›ื™ื ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ืื™ืชื ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืžื‘ื˜ ื˜ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืฉืืœื•ืช ืžืืชื’ืจื•ืช. 'ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ืคืฉื•ื˜ื•ืช ื”ืŸ ื”ืงืฉื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ', ืื•ืžืจ ืคืจื•ืค' ื™ื•ืกื™ ื•ืจื“ื™, 'ื•ื”ืŸ ืžืืœืฆื•ืช ืื•ืชืš ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉื—ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข'.
ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื™ื“ืข ืžื“ื•ืจ ืœื“ื•ืจ ืžื•ื ืขืช ืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ ื™ื“ืข ืงืจื™ื˜ื™. ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืžืฉืœื‘ื•ืช ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื—ื™ื” ื›ื—ืœืง ืžืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื™ืช ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ื™ื“ืข ื”ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ืฉืœื”ืŸ.
ื”ื›ืจื” ื›ืžื ื—ื” ืžื ื•ืกื” ืžื—ื–ืงืช ืืช ืžืขืžื“ืš ื›ืžืงืฆื•ืขืŸ ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ. 'ืื ืฉื™ื ื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื ืœื ืจืง ืžื” ืขืฉื™ืช, ืืœื ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœืš ืขืœ ืื—ืจื™ื', ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ืื ื•ืฉ.
  1. ื–ื”ื• ืืช ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื - ื‘ืžื” ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
  2. ื”ื’ื“ื™ืจื• ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืจื•ืช ืœื”ื ื—ื™ื” - ืžื” ืชืจืฆื• ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš
  3. ื—ืคืฉื• ื—ื ื™ืš ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ - ื‘ืจืฉืชื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื•ืช, ื‘ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืื• ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื•ืช
  4. ืงื‘ืขื• ืคื’ื™ืฉืช ื”ื™ื›ืจื•ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช ืœื”ื›ืจื•ืช ื”ื“ื“ื™ืช ื•ืœื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช
  5. ื‘ื ื• ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื’ืžื™ืฉื” ืขื ื™ืขื“ื™ื ืžื•ื’ื“ืจื™ื ื•ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืฉื’ื”
  6. ืงื‘ืขื• ืœื•ื— ื–ืžื ื™ื ืงื‘ื•ืข ืœืžืคื’ืฉื™ื ื•ืชื‘ื ื™ืช ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืœื›ืœ ืคื’ื™ืฉื”
  7. ื‘ืฆืขื• ืžืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื“ื“ื™ ืฉื•ื˜ืฃ ื•ื”ืชืื™ืžื• ืืช ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืœืคื™ ื”ืฆืจื›ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืชื ื™ื
  8. ืชืขื“ื• ืืช ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื•ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช - ื–ื” ื™ืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื›ื ื•ืœื—ื ื™ืš ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจ ื”ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช
  • ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ืžื•ื›ื— ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™
  • ื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื‘ื™ืŸ-ืื™ืฉื™ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื
  • ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืช ืœืžืคื’ืฉื™ื ืกื“ื™ืจื™ื (ืฉืขื” ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™ืช ืœืคื—ื•ืช)
  • ืกื‘ืœื ื•ืช ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืกื‘ืจ ื‘ืจื•ืจื”
  • ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืงืฉื‘ื” ืคืขื™ืœื”
  • ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ
  • ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœืžื—ืฉื‘ ื•ืœื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ (ืœืžืคื’ืฉื™ื ืžืงื•ื•ื ื™ื)

ื”ื ื—ื™ื” ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืืชื™ืงื” ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช. ื™ืฉ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื, ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืกื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ืžื™ื“ืข ืจื’ื™ืฉ, ื•ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžื ื™ื’ื•ื“ื™ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื. ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ืช ื‘ื”ื ื—ื™ื” ืœืคื ื™ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš. ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืื• ืกื•ื“ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ืœืฆื•ืจืš.

ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื ื—ื™ื” ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ื ืžืฉืš ืคืจืง ื–ืžืŸ ืžืฉืชื ื”, ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ื”ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช. ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืžืจืื™ื ืฉืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืœ 6 ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื ื—ืฉื‘ืช ืื™ื“ื™ืืœื™ืช ืœื”ืฉื’ืช ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื•ืช. ืขื ื–ืืช, ื™ืฉ ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ืชืืจืš ืื• ืœื”ืชืงืฆืจ ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื ื™ืš.
ืœื ื‘ื”ื›ืจื—. ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื”ื›ืฉืจื” ืคื•ืจืžืœื™ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืขื–ื•ืจ, ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ืฉืœืš ื•ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ื”ื ื”ืžืคืชื—. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ืœืงืจื•ื ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื ื—ื™ื” ื•ืœืชืจื’ืœ ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื‘ื” ืคืขื™ืœื”. ืงื•ืจืกื™ื ืžืงื•ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืืงื“ืžื™ื™ื ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื›ืœื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื.
ื—ืคืฉื• ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืขื ืžื•ื˜ื™ื‘ืฆื™ื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”, ืคืชื™ื—ื•ืช ืœืœืžื™ื“ื” ื•ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš. ื‘ืคื’ื™ืฉืช ื”ื”ื™ื›ืจื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ืฉื™ืžื• ืœื‘ ืœืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืฉื•ืืœ - ื”ืื ื”ืŸ ืžืจืื•ืช ืกืงืจื ื•ืช ื•ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืืžื™ืชื™ ืœืœืžื•ื“? ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ื›ื™ืžื™ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื ื™ื›ื. ื›ื“ืื™ ื’ื ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื”ืชืืžื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื.
ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ื–ืžืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข ืœืคื’ื™ืฉื•ืช, ื‘ืชื•ืกืคืช ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื›ื ื”. ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืžืจืื™ื ืฉืคื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืงืฆืจื•ืช ื•ืชื›ื•ืคื•ืช (ืฉืขื” ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™ืช) ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืคื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืืจื•ื›ื•ืช ื•ืžืจื•ื—ืงื•ืช. ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช - ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืžืคื’ืฉ ืงืฆืจ ื•ืงื‘ื•ืข ืžืืฉืจ ืžืคื’ืฉื™ื ืืจื•ื›ื™ื ื•ืœื ืกื“ื™ืจื™ื.
ื–ื” ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ. ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ืช, ื”ื”ื ื—ื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืœืจื•ื‘ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืชืคืงื™ื“. ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ืคืจื˜ื™, ื ื”ื•ื’ ืœื’ื‘ื•ืช ืชืฉืœื•ื, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ื ื—ื™ื” ืื™ื ื˜ื ืกื™ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืžืžื•ืงื“ืช. ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืชืžื—ื•ืจ ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื•ืง, ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื ื—ื” ื•ืœืชื—ื•ื ื”ื”ืชืžื—ื•ืช. ืขื ื–ืืช, ื™ืฉ ืžื ื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื ืœื”ื ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืชื ื“ื‘ื•ืช ื›ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืงื”ื™ืœื”.
ื”ืžืคืชื— ื”ื•ื ื”ืชืืžืช ื”ืฉืคื” ื•ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ืœืจืžืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื ื™ืš. ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ืื ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžืขื•ืœื ื”ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืžื•ื›ืจ ืœื•. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ืื ืืชื ืžืœืžื“ื™ื ืชื›ื ื•ืช ืœืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืœืœื ืจืงืข, ื”ืฉื•ื• ืžืฉืชื ื™ื ืœื›ืœื™ื ื‘ืžื˜ื‘ื—. ืฉืืœื• ืฉืืœื•ืช ื‘ื•ื—ื ื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ื—ื ื™ืš ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืžืจ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื. ืื ื”ืคืขืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžื“ื™, ืฉืงืœื• ืœื”ืคื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื—ื ื™ืš ืœืฉืœื‘ ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืคื ื™ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ื”ื ื—ื™ื”.
ื ืกื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืงื•ืฉื™ - ื”ืื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ื‘ื ื”, ื—ื•ืกืจ ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ, ืื• ืื•ืœื™ ื‘ืขื™ื” ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ืช. ื”ืฆื™ืขื• ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื—ืœื•ืคื™ื•ืช ืœืœืžื™ื“ื”, ื›ืžื• ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืื• ืชืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ืžืขืฉื™ื™ื. ืฉื‘ืจื• ืืช ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืœืฉืœื‘ื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ื—ื’ื’ื• ื›ืœ ื”ื™ืฉื’ ืงื˜ืŸ. ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื, ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืชืฆื˜ืจื›ื• ืœื”ืชืื™ื ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ืื• ื”ืžื˜ืจื•ืช. ื–ื›ืจื• ืฉืœืคืขืžื™ื ื ืกื™ื’ื” ืงื˜ื ื” ื”ื™ื ื—ืœืง ืžืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื”.
ืืžื•ืŸ ื ื‘ื ื” ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ, ื“ืจืš ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ื•ืืžื™ื ื•ืช. ื”ื™ื• ืคืชื•ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื ื™ื, ืฉืชืคื• ื‘ื—ื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช, ื•ื”ืคื’ื™ื ื• ืื›ืคืชื™ื•ืช ืืžื™ืชื™ืช. ื”ืงืคื™ื“ื• ืขืœ ืกื•ื“ื™ื•ืช - ืžื” ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ื”ื ื—ื™ื” ื ืฉืืจ ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ื”ื ื—ื™ื”. ื”ืงืฉื™ื‘ื• ืœืœื ืฉื™ืคื•ื˜ื™ื•ืช, ื•ื”ืคื’ื™ื ื• ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืœื“ืขื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืœื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื ื™ืš. ืืœ ืชื”ืกืกื• ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ื›ืฉืืชื ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžืฉื”ื• - ื–ื” ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืžื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ืืžื•ืŸ.
ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื ืžื“ื“ืช ื‘ื”ืฉื’ืช ื”ื™ืขื“ื™ื ืฉื”ืฆื‘ืชื ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš. ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื, ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช, ืื• ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืขืฆืžื™ ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™. ืฉืืœื• ืืช ื”ื—ื ื™ืš ืื™ืš ื”ื•ื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ืฉื”ืฉืชื ื” ืžืื– ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš. ื‘ืงืฉื• ืžืฉื•ื‘ ื’ื ืžื”ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ื™ืฉื™ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื ื™ืš, ืื ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™. ื–ื›ืจื• ืฉืœืคืขืžื™ื ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื ื—ื™ื” ื ืจืื™ืช ืจืง ืื—ืจื™ ื–ืžืŸ ืžื” ืžืกื™ื•ืžื”.
ื”ื ื—ื™ื” ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืžืชืžืงื“ืช ื‘ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื™ื“ืข ื•ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืžืกื•ื™ื, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืื™ืžื•ืŸ ืžืชืžืงื“ ื‘ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืื™ืฉื™, ื”ื’ื“ืจืช ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ื•ืžื™ืฆื•ื™ ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ. ืžื ื˜ื•ืจ ื ื•ืชืŸ ืขืฆื•ืช ื•ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื™ืฉื™ืจื”, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืžืืžืŸ ืžืกื™ื™ืข ืœื—ื ื™ืš ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืขืฆืžื•. ืขื ื–ืืช, ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ื‘ืจื•ืจ, ื•ื”ืžื ื—ื” ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžืฉืœื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืœืคื™ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš.
ื ืกื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืงื•ื ืคืœื™ืงื˜ - ื”ืื ื”ื•ื ื ื•ื‘ืข ืžื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ื‘ื ื”, ืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ืœื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจื•ืช, ืื• ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช. ืฉืชืคื• ืืช ื”ื—ื ื™ืš ื‘ืชื—ื•ืฉื•ืชื™ื›ื, ื”ืงืฉื™ื‘ื• ืœื ืงื•ื“ืช ืžื‘ื˜ื•, ื•ื—ืคืฉื• ื™ื—ื“ ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืฉืžืชืื™ื ืœืฉื ื™ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื. ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ืฉืคื” ืฉืœ 'ืื ื™ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ืฉ...' ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ืืฉืžื•ืช. ืื ื”ืงื•ื ืคืœื™ืงื˜ ืœื ื ืคืชืจ, ืฉืงืœื• ืœืฉืชืฃ ืฆื“ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื ื™ื˜ืจืœื™ ืฉื™ืขื–ื•ืจ ื‘ื’ื™ืฉื•ืจ. ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื, ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืกื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžื›ื•ื‘ื“ืช.
ื›ืŸ, ืืคืฉืจื™ ืœื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืžืกืคืจ ื—ื ื™ื›ื™ื ื‘ื• ื–ืžื ื™ืช, ืืš ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื”ืงืฆื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ืืช ืžืœื•ื ืชืฉื•ืžืช ื”ืœื‘ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืคื’ื™ืฉื”. ื”ื”ืžืœืฆื” ื”ื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืขื ื—ื ื™ืš ืื—ื“ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฆื‘ื•ืจ ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ, ื•ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื‘ื”ื“ืจื’ื” ืขื“ 3-4 ื—ื ื™ื›ื™ื ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ. ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื–ื” ืงืฉื” ืœืชืช ืชืžื™ื›ื” ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ืช. ืฉื™ืžื• ืœื‘ ืฉืœื›ืœ ื—ื ื™ืš ื™ืฉ ืฆืจื›ื™ื ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื™ื, ื•ื ืกื• ืœื ืœื”ืฉื•ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื - ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืื—ืจ ื‘ื“ืจื›ื• ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช.
ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื‘ื“ืงื• ืื ื™ืฉ ืคืขืจ ื‘ืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ืื• ื‘ื”ื‘ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื˜ืจื•ืช. ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ืชืืžื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื ื—ื” ืœื—ื ื™ืš. ื ืกื• ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ื•ืจืื” ืฉื•ื ื•ืช - ื™ืฉ ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื“ืจืš ืชืจื’ื•ืœ ืžืขืฉื™, ืื—ืจื™ื ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื“ืจืš ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ืชื™ืื•ืจื˜ื™ื™ื. ืื ืื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ, ืฉืงืœื• ืฉื™ื—ื” ื›ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš. ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื”ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืœืงื—ืช ื”ืคืกืงื” ืื• ืœืกื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžื›ื•ื‘ื“ืช. ื–ื›ืจื• ืฉืœื ื›ืœ ื–ื•ื’ ืžื ื—ื”-ื—ื ื™ืš ืžืชืื™ื, ื•ื–ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจ.

ื”ืชื—ืœ ืœื”ื ื—ื•ืช ื•ืคืชื— ื“ืœืชื•ืช ืœืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™